

Different fields of study have different requirements for what constitutes a credible source, so writers should always consult the OWL, an instructor, or a knowledgeable advisor about the rules for credible sources in her or his area of study. The least credible, most unreliable sources are sources written by people with no background or education in the topic or sources that can be easily edited by almost anyone (such as Wikipedia or social media). Generally, the most credible and reliable sources are those published in academic peer-reviewed journals. If a writer or student cites information from sources that are not credible, their paper risks losing credibility overall. The credibility of a source directly affects the credibility of the writer citing information from that source. Credible sourceĪ publication, person, or other resource that provides accurate, clear, and reliable information about a particular topic, idea, or opinion. Circa is used to give a rough approximation of when the event occurred when exact dates or times of year are not forthcoming. For example, a writer might explain that the social media website Facebook was created circa 2004. The word “circa” means “approximately,” and it is used mainly with dates. The APA publishes its own citation style manual for publications, which is updated every several years.

The American Psychological Association is one of the foremost associations in the social sciences in western academia. Glossary APAĪn initialism that stands for the American Psychological Association. We intend to add additional terms over time as more suitable candidates become apparent. Because we have found that multilingual writers from around the world sometimes are unfamiliar with these terms, or use different terms to describe the same ideas.Because these words and phrases are important to understanding how to use and cite sources.We chose these particular terms for two main reasons: Most of these terms appear in numerous locations throughout the OWL, but especially in our research and citation resources. Many of these words are part of the academic metalanguage, or the specialized vocabulary used to talk about how research and citation is done in a Western academic context. This glossary includes words and phrases that are useful when researching and citing sources. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Suggested Resources Style Guide Overview MLA Guide APA Guide Chicago Guide OWL ExercisesĬopyright ©1995-2018 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. APA Formatting and Style Guide (6th Edition).APA Formatting and Style Guide (7th Edition).


